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Recordings › Karbala & it's precursors | Mufti Abu Layth · 16 Oct 2020 › Segment 5 of 18

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Why did Uthman appoint his relatives as governors?

muftis hukm ahkam hukum hukam ahkaam riba ribaa sood usury khalifah khalifa caliph khulafa khilafah khilafat khilafa amanah amana amaanah amanat deen al-din ad-deen ad-din

Uthman's caliphate: an empire doubled, and governors from his own clan

LessonRecorded 16 Oct 2020Segment 5 of 18 in the recording2020-10-16-S05

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This segment15:00 to 21:33 · 6 min 33 sGeneral teaching

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In Mufti Abu Layth's assessment, Uthman lacked Umar's iron fist for an empire that had doubled, so he relied on his own Umayyad relatives as governors, reviving the old clan rivalry.

In more detail

Mufti Abu Layth gives what he calls his personal assessment: Umar's era became an icon everyone wished for, because he ruled unquestioned, with an iron fist that worked, as Islam spread into the Sasanid and Byzantine lands, Jerusalem and Egypt. Under Uthman, he says, everything doubled and he lacked Umar's personality to rule that way. He illustrates the strain with running a household, then the households of one's siblings, cousins and a whole street of strangers of other languages and religions, noting that Uthman's realm now reached non-Arab lands across North Africa. Uthman therefore relied on his own family, as people today rely on friends, since in the West friends are the new family, placing relatives over Egypt and parts of Africa. Uthman being of Banu Umayya, with Muawiya already governor in Damascus, the old rivalry rose again and complaints followed, which Mufti says must each be judged on their merits.

Position stated

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Mufti Abu Layth says, as his personal assessment, that Uthman did not have the personality Umar had to rule with an iron fist once everything had doubled.

In his words

“And you see when Uthman comes in things double. Now everything is so huge and he doesn't have that personality that Omar had to kind of rule with a like an iron fist.”

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Transcript

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15:00

And why I'm saying that is because Uthman's personality I feel this is my personal assessment. I feel that the way Omar ruled his era his era became a kind of like an icon that everybody wished they had.

15:26

Because he kind of ruled unquestionably. Like people didn't really challenge him. They didn't and things were Islam had expanded into the Middle East you know the Persian Sassanid Empire part of the Byzantine Empire. These things had come under Islam. Jerusalem had come under Islam.

15:53

There was expansion into Egypt but that was it. And it was it was large. It was you know wealth had come but somehow it was very smooth for Omar. Now he did rule with an iron fist but it worked. And you see when Uthman comes in things double.

16:24

Now everything is so huge and he doesn't have that personality that Omar had to kind of rule with a like an iron fist. And things have expanded massively. They've gone you know it's like like put it like this look. Just think of everybody ruling of not ruling because that sounds too authoritative but running running your own household.

17:00

Just think about it. Those of you I mean unless you're up like just living on your own then it shouldn't be a problem but the amount of times that a person there is a conflict of interest. That's just your household. Now if you have siblings imagine you running you and siblings.

17:24

Imagine you were in charge to run of the households of your siblings and you and your immediate family. This is if you have a couple of siblings at least. Now imagine you have cousins and so on and uncles and nephews and nieces and whatever. Now you are also you as one individual are in charge of the running of all of these households.

17:54

As in you have to make the ultimate decisions. And the clashes that that would cause. Now what I'm talking about is on a micro this is an unnoticeable scale. You know when this goes huge. When you bring in people who are no longer even of your culture of your thing into this into this scope.

18:22

So imagine along with you running your household you have a few your whole street now. You run that. Now these people ain't related to you. They're not from the same background. They may not even speak the same languages as you. May not have the same religion as you. Things change. Okay.

18:43

Now in Uthman's time the people who come under the Islamic Empire are not even Arabs anymore. You know it goes across North Africa. You've got Berbers. You've got other expeditions going on. Because the Middle East you have to remember the Middle East was still Arab.

19:06

I mean you had some Persians and things like that but it was still heavily Arab. Like it had an Arab influence. Now you're going into territories that are not even Arab anymore. Everything changes. These things are a game changer. So Uthman what he did was he thought who can I rely on as my private jet.

19:35

Right. He thought who can I rely on. So who he chooses is his own family members. Because he thinks well I can't trust this person. I can't trust that you know what let me because there's money involved. There's a lot of things. What I'm going to do is I'm going to rely on my own uh you know, I'm going to rely on my cousin or my nephew or my this people I know like you would today do with your friends because in this day and age in the West, friends are the new family.

20:06

So, if all of a sudden imagine you were given control of something, you would think all right, what I'll do is I'll get that friend to handle this, I'll get this friend to handle this. But, you have to remember that in the West today this the way we think of friends in the past people thought of family. So, what he does is he starts putting such and such in control, such and such in gives puts them over Egypt over part of in Tunis you know, in Tunisia in Africa such and such over there.

20:40

Now, who is Uthman when it comes to his tribe? He's obviously Quraysh, but he is Bani Umayya. He's from the Umayyad So, here that old thing once again rises. So, and you've got Muawiyah who's already in Damascus from the time of Umar.

21:04

And he's already established there as a governor. So, Bani Umayya are quite powerfully in control. And this obviously triggers problems and then people complained about Uthman as well. People said he wasn't doing this right, he wasn't doing that right. But, I mean I'm you know, I'm not we can't discuss all everything that has its own you know, has to be judged on its own merit. But, the point is Bani Bani Umayya are now in very powerful positions.

Paragraphs overlapping 15:00 to 21:33. Full text on the recording page.

Cite this segment

Stable id, transcript version and tier are part of the citation. Every change to a transcript is logged.

Mufti Abu Layth Archive, segment 2020-10-16-S05, auto-transcribed, may contain errors. https://muftiabulayth.org/r/iabl5vis3rg/s/5/ (accessed 1 November 2026)

APA 7
Mufti Abu Layth. (2020, October 16). Why did Uthman appoint his relatives as governors? [Video, segment 2020-10-16-S05, auto-transcribed, may contain errors]. Mufti Abu Layth Archive. Retrieved November 1, 2026, from https://muftiabulayth.org/r/iabl5vis3rg/s/5/
Chicago author-date
Mufti Abu Layth. 2020. "Why did Uthman appoint his relatives as governors?" Video, segment 2020-10-16-S05, auto-transcribed, may contain errors. Mufti Abu Layth Archive. Recorded October 16, 2020. Accessed November 1, 2026. https://muftiabulayth.org/r/iabl5vis3rg/s/5/
BibTeX
@misc{abulayth-2020-10-16-S05,
  author = {Mufti Abu Layth},
  title = {{Why did Uthman appoint his relatives as governors?}},
  year = {2020},
  month = {10},
  date = {2020-10-16},
  howpublished = {\url{https://muftiabulayth.org/r/iabl5vis3rg/s/5/}},
  url = {https://muftiabulayth.org/r/iabl5vis3rg/s/5/},
  organization = {Mufti Abu Layth Archive},
  urldate = {2026-11-01},
  note = {Segment 2020-10-16-S05, auto-transcribed, may contain errors}
}
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