Al-Andalus: From Rise to Fall Part 3

bismillah r-rahman r-rahim innal hamda lillah wa kafa salat wa salam o allah rasool allah mustafa ala Abadi live in October human be Hotel method or be a third Almudena to kapha robot Salam Allahu Allah come we're in session 3 today of Al Andalus from rise to fall we took a look in the previous session at the conquest of Al Andalus eeeh the Iberian Peninsula how phallic means yet had gone had gone into the Iberian Peninsula with huge like staggering

success what we're going to take a look at today is what follows on from that success we will see once again they like a whole like succession of of amazing campaign we will also then see the advent of more seven and to say this will all contribute to what is the aftermath if you like we are seeing the sunrise on this Iberian Peninsula we will then begin to see the play of

politics perhaps or at least political decisions which then once again start to redefine history as we know it the role of the Caliphate how certain instructions come into play how the halifa at the time Al Waleed if not the Malik all of a sudden starts to make certain decisions which change history as it could have been and make it into what it was and what we came to know it to be we will then see this era a new era which is known as in Arabic Adil

Willet the era of the governors or the era of governance this particular era how many years forty odd about 42 years this period of time lasts for and we we'll take a look at that in a bit more detail is where the Sun continues to shine on the Iberian Peninsula but then we start to see certain incidents and some times of turbulence be falling the peninsula we will see success met with unfortunate tragedy we will also hear a bit about some of the key characters who

rose in in these times scoring certain victories once again showing us what courage should be like and how how a person's mia should be sincere in what they do but towards the end we will once again start to see perhaps the Sun setting or what appears to be the Sun setting on this peninsula on the story of Islam within this region of the globe inshallah an update let's begin that's for us in a bit a bit of details those

of us who can't see the PowerPoint that what I've mentioned the success is the aftermath the advent of more sadness aid Damascus and how this plays a role the new era and also what I didn't go into what I didn't mention just as a highlight was the French frontiers and how this plays a key role during this era then we will look at as well some cancerous elements which exist within within human societies within human

nature these things have to be worked out or they ordinary or the consequences can be quite deadly and very severe and then also we will look at this the Battle of Abelardo shohada which is perhaps like translated as the palace of the martyrs and then concluding with lessons that we can learn upon reflection and Allah says were the key r4 in the Micra tantrum we should remind that reminding each other or a remembrance is what benefits

the believers where we had last left this lesson and this session was that thought echidnas yet had met a huge I mean he had a huge success overall success outwardly burbot he had moved on from they'd gone to one of the one of the most fortified cities in Andalusia at the time which was Seville ish billion Arabic Seville was a I mean it was a massive city relatively speaking well fortified and surprisingly they actually decide to they decide not to go to war with the Muslims they decide to

have a settlement they decide to resolve things in peace they have what we call Sola they agree to the jizya and they open the doors to Tata Kipnis yet an amazing success really so tarik even as yet is I mean these apps he's overwhelmed by the successes all the Muslims with him they decide to advance further know they have the instructions they continue to move on they had been certain losses that the Muslims had faced at wadi burbot if you recall tarik given as yet including the reinforcements that were sent to him had

about 12,000 men with him amongst them they had a they sustained a loss of almost 3,000 after the incident of Wadi burbot so now with 9,000 people really particle minutes yep continues to advance north he from Seville he moves on to a place which was known as estudia once again very good an amazing success neighboring towns cities villages they start to they start to open the doors to

Tata Kipnis yet the thing is that you see before are equivalents yet had landed at Seville or had conquered whatever bought there were certain preconceptions that people had of what the armies would have done they thought that the armies would ransack their cities their towns their villages enslaving people causing leaving behind nothing but destruction they began to see what the reality was when they began to see how the Muslims had actually dealt with people I mean this took them by so much surprised that

they were many of them totally agreed to open their doors to to the Muslim rule is because not only did they think that this that that this will be resolved peacefully but they would be in a much better state than they currently were under the Visigoths so this is extremely important to remember and many people that question this can verify through diverse sources but the Muslims when they entered the Iberian Peninsula they were not blood baths that run they were

not massacres and just killing sprees and things like this that took place nothing of this sort took place like that I'm not saying that every battle and war does not have perhaps its transgression but I'm speaking on a on a scale relative to other wars and battles that have taken place throughout the globe body given as yet continues to advance he goes to Cordoba Allah who at what he actually sends a small regiment before him to Cordoba what we call an Arabic Caesarea people do you think he

sent and how many of us hear of al Cordoba I mean of course tuba we everybody has heard of portable Cordoba today it was a it was to become a city that would rival but a dad of the East Allah a city that would bring forth legends like him not the part like hypnotism that would have a city that would boast of its ulema and it's tradition this everybody has heard of a lot about yeah one point will will host the largest

Masjid on this city Cordoba was was liberated and conquered by just 700 people that's all tada Kipnis yet was doing he was sending several small Sariah small Surya each one consisting of 700 people he sent one he sent him to many places Murcia he sent it to Gian he sent him to all these surrounding areas and and met with success upon success

Allah see when Allah gives yes Salaam he gives unimaginably and Allah was enabling these people to oak always for light for the light of Iman and Islam to shine through and rid them of their oppression and that's what these people were doing they were welcoming what they were finding to be al Islam and many people were embracing the fold of Islam

many people were and remember Muslims always gave the option they gave the option of 3 they gave him the option to embrace Islam or they and in that and they would keep all their possessions and everything would remain as it is they gave them the option that okay you don't embrace Islam you are just prepared to pay the jizya and we did discuss the jizya briefly in in the previous sessions the jizya would tantum would be less than the zakat of usual muslims jizya quite often especially at that time was estimated to

be around one dinner annually one dinner in a year and and remember women were exempt children were exempt slaves were exempt those with disability like blindness and those who could not earn were eggs eggs are exempt those who were committed to worship like monks Christian monks etc were exempt all of these things that I'm saying can be verified through diverse sources so this isn't something I'm not

trying to present like a very fairy tale version of the of Islamic history this is how things unfolded I mean whether people like them or they loved them this is how it was so this is why town after town village after village people were openly embracing the Deen of al-islam now the thing was previously and what continued to be at this time the capital of Andalusia was to later - later the Litella one of the most fortified cities

in Andalusia due to its mountainous terrain it was one of those cities that people who ever had it had an extremely important vantage point and it was something almost unconquered almost now the Muslims party given as he had saw that Allah Tala was ahead of him so he thinks why not let's proceed late we've got the momentum I mean the people have got such high morale the spirits are high success after success let's advance

there was a little problem however the overall commander the whirly of North Africa who was governing the armies of North Africa and he was the one who had instructed Tariq illness yet and put him in command he had actually Command Authority given as yet not to go beyond Cordoba OGN but the thing was now particles yet had to make a call he was at a strategic position he saw that he was meeting success upon success he saw that villages towns cities were opening their doors he had

two options ahead of him either he stops holts the forces he goes back sends back a request to more 7si this could take months before it reaches North Africa and then comes back with a permission to advance north oh well he's doing something good anyway we'll send the request and or rather the notification back to Musa Burmese aid but we can continue with the morale with the momentum we go forth I mean people are I

mean what else could be greater than more and more people entering into the fold of Islam and at the same time opening to this new to this new rule to this new way of life so he thinks to himself well what do I do I've got to make a call his armies are looking at him the same to him or what do we do he thinks he looks and he makes his cool he says less March straight ahead to Toledo to Toledo and that's exactly what he does he goes to tourists Allah Tala Tala is one of the most fortified places

as I've explained before they surround they lay siege to this fort now it is it's a difficult place but at the same time people are now aware of how Muslims are treating people during this time once he lays walls him at Otakon Assad and his army have laid siege at Tala Tala the news has reached Museveni merced that partic had decided to go ahead now in all fairness this had upset

and disappointed muslim lunacy he thinks that look this isn't right this isn't what I had said a chain of command is the for a reason so he gets his army and meanwhile I mean what particle INSEAD was unaware of was that more cyber nurse aid had been raising and assembling an army regarde I mean unaware of the situation come to al-andalus whilst this news reaches him that Tata company had had actually decided to go further north and not stop what you had told him to stop by that time you said

no no Sayed had gathered the army he had actually asked and sought reinforcements from from what was Yemen from the headquarters which was a Damascus and Syria at the time so he had many Syrian people come over many Yemen Yemeni tribes he had almost an army of 18,000 people and remember the initial conquest was only with 12,000 so with an army of 18,000 he crosses over into the Iberian Peninsula only 2 and May at this point

I'd like to say people have said what was mooses problem with Tariq advancing north people have said that his problem was that he didn't want Tariq to become too popular he didn't want him to get too much power there was elements of jealousy involved all these things some people have thrown up there Jen especially orientalists and other people who have studied Islamic history from a

non Muslim perspective we are not denying that human nature may play a role however we go with what generally the understanding we go with the understanding that has been presented through the serie the life of moose I'm gonna say see musaib no no Sade was a legend in his own life he was somebody that had I mean he had was prepared to sacrifice his own life in the sake for the sake of Allah somebody that had gone out far my

jeopardized his his own life his family his you know he could have lived a very reasonable life the staying where he was secure with with safety with world with so on and so forth in North Africa yet he was somebody that went on venture up upon venture following venture why just so he could ensure natural tower that this that work could reach people we do believe that he had a sincere intention he had told thought a given as yet that he had feared now if you remember from

the history of thought of moose I'm gonna say he was somebody that secured North Africa following the conquests of oh babe manaphy the great zahavy wrote a law and what was it what was it that made that kind of eclipse the successes or the success of a prime enough if you remember October enough had conquered North Africa within months what was the problem that followed if you recall it was rebellion apostasy it was that when things are done in haste

they are often met with failure he had told Perry Kipnis yada look we do not want to repeat this mistake in the Iberian Peninsula do not just go from city to city to town to town when you go to a place and he has been liberated you set it up you bring in people who will teach those people the Dene you establish that city as a city of light before you decide to move forward do not just go from town to town to town today these things will fall back upon you

almost like a row of dominoes that's what we will see he had warned darkness ahead of this now when he heard of particle is yet advancing and his he had assembled an arm with prior intentions regardless he advanced upon the Iberian Peninsula now when indeed one of the the first things he was met with Allah ho Akbar the serval ish be Lia which start equipment yet which had opened its doors to Tariq upon the earth and he had he had liberated it conquered it and moved

forward move north had actually repelled and they had rebelled quite fiercely now Museveni mercedes armies they Laci I mean they laid siege they surrounded HP Lea they were there for a while and four months I don't just mean of a few days or a few weeks for months they were there they negotiated and eventually they got through into issue Lia whilst Museveni Merced was they thought

equivalency ad had heard that ish be Lia the HP Lea had rebelled so he got his armies from politte Allah from Toledo and he set back South went back upon his trail only to be met with the armies of Moose I've never said who had beat him to it Allah was typical i wrought the racing compete with one another in those actions which occurred when he got there

he saw moosa' and Sara Musa Abram Sayed had instructed saying that take your army go back to Talitha and wait into later for my command wait for me and then Allah Akbar more Simon and said taking the people with him heads westward what is in the West what is in the West is modern-day Portugal he heads into towns cities like Bajor he conquers Bajor he heads and surrounding

small towns conquers them with sweeping success he heads to a place which was one of the most fortified places at the time known as Merida it was an absolute gothic fought a fort of the Goths the Visigoths Kingdom and the Muslims try and they try and they laid siege and attempt following attempt but no they were only met with failure every single time Allah but did this put them down

did this put them now no these people people who had a covenant with Allah they knew that success was destined as the poet says he says Messiah is a illogical moose Khurana merry fitra mu J now call me ok port setup nani he says when I met with calamities all I can do is smile he says to sink with the burden

of failure something I do not know how to do they try and try and then eventually they come up with an idea this a new tactic at the time known as the Barba this thing they create this thing called the barber which I know in modern-day our week they refer to a tank a military tank as the barber but in its time it was this thing which the Muslims kind of is like a tank which they got into which couldn't be burnt by what it was they had some type of fire resistant coating to it and it could roll and what

they did is they took this right up to the fort and when people would attempt to set fire to it was fire resistant and people from within this tank began to hack away at the fort and attempted to create an entrance now this was one of the major attempts although it was partially successful yet many of the people within the fort when they began to realize what the barber was doing they they resorted to things like raising heavy rocks and dropping rocks and so on and so forth

yet more Simon save continues to stand strong with his people Allah and they late when the people of merida saw the resilience they saw the resilience that these people had and how Allah how are Muslims described by the adversaries they are described as people so Worman or they used to say for sanam bin her Rober numbly people who were like monks

at night stood in prayer and like knights and warriors during the day people with such resilience that you would think Allahu Akbar that were these mountains that stood before you and with such determination with such might in their hearts when the people of Martha saw this they began to lose hope or began to lose their determination to resist Roma Bahn had

come upon the Muslims Allahu Akbar Roma Bahn following Ramadan if you remember the previous year it was Roma Bahn when the Muslims had entered worthy burbot and it has been an entire year and it is Ramadan again how did Muslims spend their Ramadan not sleeping doing this doing that lazing accounted is I can't learn can't do anything but rather going from difficulty to difficulty and on the day

of Eid the people of merida opened the doors with a treaty and the muslims agreed to that treaty and allahu akbar Martha the keys to Martha was handed over to Morse I've never seen so the Muslims not only celebrated Edel Fatah but they celebrated for the success that they had achieved at Martha then following that once again Musallam save returns to Seville he secured Sevilla the surrounding there's a town not too

far from there known as LaBella he secures LaBella liberate sea and then there's another town which is known as Paulo birra which is close to the Litella to Toledo and he heads to pala birra and once again liberate s' this town and city as well and he called started Kipnis yet to that town and Allah Akbar the two legends meet they meet and it has been it has been over a year since they last met in fact almost two years because at wadi

burbot he was not accompanied by musaib himself nautical yet wasn't he had been instructed by him almost a year before it has been almost two years since they meet face to face and here are some of the non Muslim historians the Orientalists write about how he tried he punished articles yard or even he had him whipped or he did this so I did that none of these stories have been authenticated what we do know is they did discuss and yes he did reprimand Tory Kipnis yet for what he did he told

him that look I did only that these people behind you were repelled Antartica mean Ziad accepted his mistake and many things are often done in passion and his passion from his perspective was justified and from there they head north together they rode together leaving what the Otakon is what more sadness aid had brought with him and yes he had sustained many losses as well but they combined forces and head and they set

off together this joint venture of this took them to Barcelona Barcelona which then came into the light of Islam Barcelona being ruled and having Muslim judgments and Islam being taught there or Lamar being present people do you know how old or the age of Museveni Merced is at this point he was 75 years

of age we're not talking about a child or a teenager or somebody in his 40s or 75 years of age where are we today when we reach that age where are we when we reach anything close to that age where are people when they reach 60 we give up on life we give up on creams we'll give up on hopes on ambitions we see no purpose people are often confronted with the meaning of life especially when they

leech when they reach a later age but this is a meaning that all that wisdom a person has attained throughout life to share that with the generations that have come after them to enlighten those who have come after you this is the tradition of al-islam so as such an age they continue Saragosa or in Arabic SAR a pasta a large a huge part of north East Spain they conquer they head north

to the French frontiers the Pyrenees mountain a la like where they go beyond them bring them into the light of al Islam there is a city in southern France known as abouna they conquer that MU sadness aid has his son Abdul Aziz with him who he sends westwards so what into what would be modern-day Portugal into those regions to secure and ensure stability and that is what they are

doing and we are seeing the Sun rising it has gone beyond rising it is almost at its zenith at the meridian we can see the Sun is high it is at noon Allahu Akbar it is daylight in the Iberian Peninsula when all of a sudden something strange takes place Allah moose a banana shade is approached by a person who hands him a message a Royal

Decree in other words he gets a very important text message if you like he he takes a look at this message this decree and it is by well II did not tell Malik the ha'la'tha of the Muslims who tells him and commands him tells him to stop advancing and not only to stop advancing but commands him and Thora goodness yet to immediately he summons them

immediately to Damascus Allah now remember the chain of command is important and Allah has taught us at your law party or a sewer what will L am reaming and those who had been given that command and here thought echidna seared with musa banana Sade they make this detour they stop and they go back they head towards Damascus a journey which could take them months before they arrive at the Damascus

courts this period of time that they had spent in conquest almost lasted three and a half years in which almost the entire Iberian Peninsula except the northwest part of Spain a small region which was known as a sahara at the time which means a rock but Sahara Bulai and that was after a particular Kingdom that was the remains unconquered everything else has entered the fold of al-islam

when the - Musa banana said Musa and Tariq actually reached Damascus Subhan Allah they find Willie didn't Adele Malik is on his deathbed in fact within three days he dies yes yes Allah what a decision people have said that the reason he brought them back some people once again have casted the element or the doubt of insecurity the fact that

they were getting way too powerful the fact that he could no longer control them and Museveni musaib was already in charge of North Africa if he was to conquer Europe what would become of were leading abdul malik himself because musa would be in charge of a territory double that of the territory of relative dr.

malik some people have said that some people have said that this was a political decision really one led by the greed power Allahu Alem what the reality of the situation is we do know that one of the reasons that will lead and the OU Marine justified this withdrawal was that they said they came to realize of more sadness aids more sadness aids intentions and that was to continue until he had conquered

Europe and through Europe he attempted to reach Constantinople these intentions musaib Nana say declares later on and accepts these worries intentions and he believes them to be very good and noble intentions and this was something that the Khalifa had said was that too risky of a task or a venture to embark upon he said that they were way too far for reinforcements from the Muslim kingdoms that everything would implode upon itself that them this would lead to huge

loss of Muslim armies and Muslim Muslims in foreign lands and therefore he had summoned the two back to Damascus after were leading Abdul Malik he was succeeded by his brother Suleiman even a demonic somebody who likewise didn't last too long in the her in the Haleiwa post however he him he also continued upon the policy of his brother Walid and refused to let Musa return to the

Iberian Peninsula Allah such momentum was brought to a stop confusion is what follows what Salomon does is he appoints Moosa son Abdulaziz who was if you remember heading westwards and sustained or kind of stabilizing the western region of the Iberian Peninsula he makes him in charge he makes him the Whirley a governor that means you're in charge but you're directly below your not below

the governor of North Africa you directly below the halifa Solomon himself this gives rise to a new era known as the IVA of governments however Musa at the time continues to insist that he be allowed to return to the Iberian Peninsula each request of his was refused

yes and I mean what was actually going on whether the people at the time whether Bonnie Oh Mia those in charge so they man actually knew how his decisions would impact history to come Allahu Alem owing perhaps many of us never are quite so sure what subtle decisions can have huge consequences those of us familiar with the butterfly effect or you know absolutely aware of how these things sometimes unfold in

history a poet had actually said describing some of the circumstances of Bonnie umeå he had actually said RR Tata Ramadi or millenarian while ushiku a Nia Khun Ella had a Rama for in an Arabella routine eateth coup were in Nell Harper of Oaxaca Lama for Allah mute v ha of Allah only Yahoo Naraku to hydro-zone we her mo for cool to minute I to be later

sharing a garden omega2 a Mia he said that I see that fire sometimes beneath it remains a spark which is alive and he is fearful that this spark may turn into a fire he says how often is it that two twigs suffice in creating a fire and how often is it that war is the result of simple words which have been uttered he

says that if this fire is not extinguished by those people of sense amongst my people he says I fear that it will result in piles of corpses he says I stand in amazement like I scratch my head almost in amazement that what has come what has become of mayor of Pawnee Omiya are they asleep or are they awake Allah we are left with this new era of

governance mousse I've never said after being refused time after time he had almost he had aged quite a bit by this point and he thinks to himself well if I cannot return then I would like to go I mean he actually wishes to himself and what has been transmitted is a dua that mousse I'm gonna say it makes where the season of Hajj was approaching and he asks the Khalifa that can I go at least to do Hajj because he was restricted to stay in Damascus

so the halifa allows him he says yeah yeah I mean go for Hajj there's no problem in that and Musa and Husain makes it to our that he asks Allah Allah if you have willed for me to return to the land of Al Andalus where liberation and conquests are taking place then do so and if you have not willed and decreed that for me then let my life come to an end in the city of your beloved messenger salallahu alaihe salam and madinat al munawwara and allahu akbar allah says in the quran

or the only a statue plaque that pray to me core to me of law mentions will respond to your to us and that is exactly what happens once Adams say it goes to Hajj and his life comes to an end in Medina to Managua where he is buried tada Kipnis yet disappears amongst the confusion and politics or the era which had befell the Muslims and

Allahu Akbar is no way to be heard of some people say that he managed to return to al-andalus and somehow that is where he met his fate within a few years others say no he remained within Damascus and died within the ensuing years a young at a young age what we do know is he disappears Allahu Akbar a legend a legend whose name we did a recall but how his end his demise is completely unknown to people he

disappears just almost within a cloud of obscurity there's a very famous poet sub-continental poet meal who says in a poem he says Martha a mere subpoena is pakicetus on Martin Patera Queen ro a poker game he says that death comes to each and all me he dresses himself meat he says yet but not with such tragedy he

says that on your funeral not one person cried out with your name meaning you had such a unknown funeral but this is fate and this is cutter walk up this is what allah rights for people or Mehadrin if Sun BAE art intimate and no social in which land it shall die but yet Allah has eternalized these people throughout history we returned from Damascus we go seventh several thousand miles to the

west we have to go to see what is taking place in the Iberian Peninsula Abdul Aziz continues his conquests he has gone so far west that he has conquered Lisbon he has which is in Arabic normal-ish buna he continues to go north he has conquered all the surrounding towns he himself was actually he marries the wife or the widow of Luther eke King Rodrick if you remember overt regal and this was quite a common practice that took place

also the large armies that the Muslim armies which had entered the Iberian Peninsula many of them were people who had come from the come from the East from Yemen from Syria many of these people were not married so one of the things that they did in the Iberian Peninsula was that they intermarried with the indigenous people of Spain this led to a whole new generation of what historians call the morality the mixed-race generation and there was a huge energy of them including those people who were embracing Islam

indigenously but yet there were also the mixed-race more letting muslims at the time you see a question has been asked that why was it that rebellions didn't take place at this time and that is because Muslim treatment was actually archetypal I mean it was something so amazing Muslims purchased buildings they purchased places of worship if they were for sale they didn't just they didn't just rub the people of their churches and think like and this by the way people keep in mind as a mental note we will contrast this when we reach the

conquest of Granada by Ferdinand and Isabella and how the Muslim mustards are treated in contrast yet Muslims here bought churches they invested in the construction in the rejuvenation they set up artillery depots one of the things they set up or factories to manufacture ships because they realized that that was a weakness they they actually invested in the spread of the Arabic language in teaching the language to people Cordova was made a center of attention

and became the capital of Muslim Spain his previously the capital of Visigoths Spain was Toledo the litter which was a bit further north and Muslims brought it further south into October which was closer to North Africa so if they required reinforcements or backup Muslim lands were never too far away at this time Abdul Aziz even a Moussa passes away he dies and he is followed by another governor and then he's followed

so this IVA of governance begins okay during this era of governance people they are two key Eva's I want us to know that we will split them into Part one and Part two the whole era lasts for forty two years during which there are actually 22 different governments now we will not go through these governance we will just mention key people where it is necessary but there are two parts to this one which in which we continue to see the Sun Shine upon the Iberian Peninsula

where success is followed by success and the latter part we will see tragedy okay so we will today focus on the first part of this era of governance some people ask why were they 22 different governors partially I mean I mean partly the answer to that is that initially during a lot of these conquests many governors were always at the forefront on the battlefield and that's where they met their fate and that's why they were replaced by following governors one of the leading governance that we see in the beginning

is sama abnormal ik l : what he does is he's appointed by Omar ibn Abdul Aziz the legendary halifa from the east from Damascus he goes and he is instructed to invest so he invests in Cordoba he is the one who makes Cordoba the capital he actually builds one of one of the most outstanding bridges that was ever to be raised in Cordoba in fact in the Iberian Peninsula it was known as contra Cordoba and it was something at the time which

they described had many type of he had many type of arches to it it was something which was also accompanied by a dam and it had four mills which were associated with it so the mills would kind of work kind of producing wheat and barley and things like these are not the same time there was this huge bridge which was actually a covered a shaded bridge it wasn't just like a bridge which across it was actually like you're going through almost a subway bridge okay so this is what was going at the same time summer continues to advance

north he goes into the French frontiers if you remember there was a town where Musa and Pollock had kind of conquered known as our Bona he goes to that reinforces it stabilizes and then continues into the southwest of France he reaches the French Rivera okay that actually enters the light of al-islam it is part of Muslim territory French over the actual coastal line which is a popular and extremely popular

- a extremely popular type of resort today you for tourism and things like this and anybody I mean you can all google it or you perhaps know of it this was actually a Muslim region during this time where Islam is being taught and masajid are being set up and Muslims are practicing Islam one of the things he also does summer is he organizes the different districts into what you have as regions or districts and cities and villages so several villages become they they they

are linked to cities and cities are then linked to districts and he organizes them in this manner that is what he does at this time the French Kingdom is obviously is aware of this advance this Muslim advance that is taking place there is a person by the name of in the Arabic tradition they call him or these I'm not sure what his French correlate name was but he abandons the place where he was and leaves it his territory to the Muslims and he goes to to King

Charles at the time known as King Charles Martel now Charles who's aware of this refers this matter to the Pope of the day and age and the Pope declares this to be an immediate a major threat for Christendom and he declares this a holy war he gives King Charles the name Martel which means a hammer in Arabic the Coulomb meter AHA and he any kind of issues a decree throughout Europe that

they should all send reinforcements and an army to Kings to King Charles Martel and that's exactly what they do during this time summer Abner medical Hall and he passes away he is followed by a person called Abdul Rahman hoffa T and we have to remember half Italy who although is followed but is then suspended and in his place somebody else is put there and this person by the name of um beside mr.

Haines who ruled for about between one and three two one oh seven Hitler once again Southwest Spain he is he southwest France sorry years he stabilizes he continues to advance north he reaches a place known as sands which is actually 30 kilometers away from Paris and those of you who are aware of the French map or the map of France you know that Paris is not in the south or in the center of France it is actually quite north almost

70% of French territory was under the Iberian Islamic Peninsula at this time was under Muslim rule all right that is how far and wide it had actually reached by this time this governor passes away embosser he passes away once again a great governor and he's followed by a governor known as Haytham Alcala be a thermal cooler be this is where some

problems we start to see symptoms of a deep-rooted cancer hey thermal cooler B starts to allow issues like discrimination and racism to arise he was very passionate about his own tribe which was bunny-face and what he starts to do is give them favorable positions he starts to discriminate against some other bird the Berbers who were leading contributors to the success which had been achieved in under Ellis he starts to do let alone

the Berbers and the Arabs he starts to discriminate against other Arab tribes he doesn't rule that long he only rules for approximately about ten months but in his time he allows so much fittin to arise Allah and this is the thing with fitna Allah season or annual fitna to a shed terminal button the fitna is so bad it is worse than murder because fitna can lead to massacre can

lead to the downfall of civilizations so during this time all these things arise so what happens is we start to see the Sun which had risen and was shining gloriously over Andalus begin to set we start to see that the daylight is losing its glory is this a time for despair yeah Allah teaches us

well atlatl that we should not despair okay I mean that we should not we should never ever give up hope from the mercy of Allah once again we see perfectly this name we'd heard before abdominal offically rise he returns to governance somebody who believes in hope he believes in the promise and the covenant between the creation and the

creator and he stabilized the attempt he starts to once again reinforce the teachings of al-islam you see remember these issues of racism and discrimination and hatred have been going on for I mean since time immemorial even during we see it emerge sometime during the Companions of the messenger of allah sallallahu taala yet they have the best of creation amongst them but the pastoralism is they too quickly

extinguish this fire of hatred you see that even when the issue which occurs the famous story between a boozer Aloha fairy and Bilal when he discriminates against him and Bulow complains to the parcel al-salam that he called me a Minnesota the son of a black woman and the reprimands abathur severely he says to him that yea about though he says in the Quran fika Jang here you are a

person who still is plagued by jahiliyya within your heart Abu ZAR is so struck by the words of the messenger that he actually puts his face to the ground to the soil asks begs below - he says put your feet over my face just just kind of do this that make me forgive me for what I have said okay even with me Bilal says I refuse to do such a thing but I forgive you for the sake of Allah

now remember these things have always attempted to surface time to time and we see we see that these attempts had been made again abdominal Xavier he goes and once again reinforces the teachings of al-islam the way Allah teaches us well I see more bihabli llahi Jamie on the hold on together to the Rope of Allah Allah reminds us that he is the one who United between the hearts of the believers

well if kuntum and Elif Abena Kulu become for us bottom Bhanumathi he arowana and you became by the grace of Allah believing brothers so he calls again he reinforces this teaching the the sermon of the Prophet the guidelines that no buddy not an Arab is better than a non-arab and nor vice versa and not a black is better than a white and no he's a white better than a black person in lab otaku I accept bye-bye aqua by God consciousness and we see that once again he attempted

to stabilize and he heads north into the French frontiers he gets together an army of unprecedented history he raises an army 50,000 strung along and they head north into France once again stabilizing the territory that was the end remember almost 70% had been conquered he heads eastward he takes certain towns and towns known

as Ekta near a bell she heads back into Maine or southern France or western France he conquers board Bordeaux which is still today known as Bordeaux he moves towards a town known as tor then he goes to a region known as poit which they called what year they call it what year and he stabilizes that reach Allah every single town they go to there

is nothing but success upon success and wherever they are met with battle they are fault wherever they are met with battle they are then subsequently met with huge spoils of war huge trophies huge amount amount of wealth that these armies are now carrying with them and it is often human nature that the hearts of people will sway with wealth so when these armies begin to conquer and they seem to attain such

huge spoils of war vistors this begins to cause problems amidst or amongst the ranks of the Muslim armies Allah teaches us warm incoming you read o dunya and there are those amongst you who want the dunya warming coming you riddle and there are those who seek the ayah people once again arguments begin to arise discrimination issues some people start to say we should head back maybe we should go back and allow you know put back some of this wealth and then come back

a black man a lot of Italy reminds his people we are here for a reason and we should continue they reached this place known as shuttle ro it is really I mean it still comes under really the town of Port a or pottier and there is a palace a kind of abandoned Palace which is known as ballot at this point abdul rahman irr thirty years that chance Martell is

heading south with an army four hundred thousand strong Allah now Abdul Rahman wofully sets up his camp at this palace if he strategizes gets his people together and the two armies collide now the muslims had been the largest they had ever been fifty thousand on the

iberian peninsula as a force as an army that is yet they are heavily outnumbered but it's not the outnumbering which frightens them they actually stand the ground and the bar - continues for days it continues I'm not talking about a few days it goes on it's over a week almost two weeks long almost the battle during this what we

begin to see during all of this what we begin to see is that the Christians many of the Christian armies be become aware of the huge wealth which the Muslim armies have brought with them so they decide to raid the the wealth that the Muslim armies are carrying and that strategy actually by extension works much greater in their favor because when they run sack the spoils of war which

the Muslims are carrying this causes many of the many of the people many of the Muslims to say that were they at the time to say that wait a minute these guys are taking away our wealth we need to we need to you know race after them we need to worry about our wealth maybe what we've got we should take back what it does is the axe away at the resolution and the determination in the heart of the people present this people is what leads to a huge tragedy which follows the tragedy of Bilad a Shahada

many many thousands of Muslims of then massacred at this ballot or shot because of the confusion which arose and Allahu Akbar it's as though we are seeing the Battle of ahead once again surface throughout history and people and just we remind us that history does repeat itself during this during this battle and massacre Abdul

Rahman Allah thirty is martyred now during nightfall when the battle stops the Muslims they decide that we are not in a position to sustain our ground we should retreat and that is what they do they do it in such a way that they set up their camps to look as though they are still holding their fort and they retreat overnight the following morning when the army of King Charles Martel actually look they are faced with just an empty settlement the Muslims had

actually left the ground and disappeared what the army of King Charles do is they rush and race after the Muslim armies in their trail in the increase of what they had actually what they had actually conquered and what they were leaving behind so town after town which had previously been stabilized under Islam was now falling in this high momentum of backtrack that the Muslim armies were

doing and which was being faced or being chased by the armies of King Charles and that's what they do right through to southern France Allah we see that the entire French territory is lost the entire French territory right up and to right up until the Pyrenees Mountains they chased them out they V conquer and capture any spoils of war wealth that

they can do so in the process one thing they did not do was follow them into the Iberian Peninsula they did not follow the Muslim armies into Spain they were happy that the Muslims had kind of left the French territory and they were intend to return with that success the Muslims what they then do is fortify and stabilize the Iberian Peninsula we do

see some further attempts by some people by some of the governors to at least stabilize what they do have and this is what leads us into the second part of the Eva of governance we no longer the sun is shining with its glory but rather it is beginning to set where we start to see an era where corruption begins to surface we begin to see an era where discrimination begins to lead where

ruler big where a ruler is assassinated by another a governor is assassinated by another to become to take his place we start to see the AUSA BIA and racial discrimination and infighting begins to reach its peak Allah we begin to see a point where for several years a decay and a cancer begins to engulf this

entire Iberian Peninsula a point where perhaps Islam is about to disappear where historians had said give another decade to this Iberian Peninsula and they would not be a trace of Islam you see there is a hadith of the prophet alaihi Salam that he says asha alack he said it is not poverty

which I fear for you he said why lacking Aleichem and were like in action and tube so to dunya Alico but i opened but I fear that the world will be opened before you come opposite at Alamein can a public as it had been opened and unfolded four kingdoms who came before you photo halika come , aha locket and then that it destroys you as it destroyed those

who before who went before sometimes decisions and achievements where they leave us Allah sometimes certain actions which we do out of whether it be passion or whether it be revenge or emotion is a better word what we do out of emotion without full sight little do we know that this will echo in history to come

there is a poet who say is this an author point where he he speaking of such circumstances he says muttered city kisi SE Milne a key era su Hawaii Shady darkness of couch Cavalia he seemed at the harbour cave or a karateka it not yeah o jalaja Kartik gelada he speaks about this type of passion will and it's obviously allegorical in the sense that

where he wanted to meet somebody to the extent that somebody said they will come by nightfall he says I lit up the place so much that I actually burnt my house down and these things they teach us lessons or fee her a bra lemony otago and allah remind us father bear who take heed from those who went before there are many lessons we can learn from what took place up a lot of shuhada there are many lessons we can learn

through this eva of conquest what is known as idle foot and the unseeing era known as a dull wallet the era of governance but then Allahu Akbar as allah says in the quran that was so not a lie he speaks of his sunnah well entity the lease on a tea light of deal but you will not find that allah his laws his laws of nature his laws of doing things that just when everything

is in despair when everything is almost heading towards destruction once again Allah decides and decrease that a man single-handedly should land on this peninsula to change the history of Muslims and the entire Peninsula and region for time to come who is that person what is his tale is something that we

shall take a look at in the following session Jews are common law hey for listening attentively inshallah leave us with this for today and I'll see us all next lesson do remember me if you can no humble to us assalamu alaikum warahmatullah allah over a cat